Comparative Analysis of AI Legal Status in Indonesian and EU Contract Law
Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Contract, European UnionAbstract
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into legal technology, particularly in contract drafting,
presents both innovative potential and significant legal challenges. This research focuses on the legal
validity of AI-generated contracts under Indonesian law. While AI can efficiently generate
comprehensive and standardized agreements, its lack of legal subjectivity raises questions about its
capacity to enter into binding contracts. By analyzing the Indonesian Civil Code, specifically Articles
1313, 1320, 1367, and 1368, this study examines whether AI-generated contracts can be considered
legally valid and ho w AI is recognized as a legal subject in the contract. Theoretical frameworks such
as legal subject theory, agency theory, and the objective theory of contracts are used to examine the
issue. Comparative insights from the European Union’s AI Act also highlight possible directions for
Indonesia to develop a clear regulatory approach. The research concludes that while AI cannot
currently be recognized as an independent legal subject, responsibility for its actions may be assigned
to its users or developers
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